The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal
type: channel
description: Journal Name: The Ring : An Interdisciplinary International Journal ISSN: 0035-5429 2083-3520 Subject area: Multidisciplinary UGC CARE Journal Publisher: MBS Research Impact Factor: 7.112 Frequency: Monthly Editor in Chief: Prof. Dr hab. Przemysław Busse Kindly email your paper on :mbsresearchp@gmail.com
language: en
publication name: The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal
issn: 2083-3520
items: Facile Synthesis, and Antimicrobial activity of Imidazole derivatives by Zirconia NPs catalyst
items: Perceptions of Islamic Finance among Muslim Women: Evidence from Sangli District, Western Maharashtra
items: REGULATORY CHALLENGES AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS IN FINTECH
items: CHALLENGES FACED BY GIG WORKERS AND FREELANCERS DURING COVID-19
items: India’s Centenary Year of Independence 2047: The Dream of a Viksit Bharat
items: The Neuroscience Behind Musical Creativity and Improvisation
items: Digital Activism And Its Influence On Social Movements
items: रागांग राग वर्गीकरण
items: Evaluating the Adequacy of Ecotourism Services in the Himalayan Regions of Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand
items: A Brief Overview of Multi State Cooperative Society Act, 2002: Issues and Challenges
items: An analytical study on Krishnanagar, West Bengal, India from the view point of sustainable environment management
items: A Critical Study of Sudha Murthy’s ‘Gently falls the Bakula’ in terms of women empowerment
items: Microplastic Pollution in Urban Waterways: Sources and Solutions
items: The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health
items: Recent Trends in English literature in India
items: National Skill Development Initiatives & Economic Development in India
items: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES AMONG ATHLETES AND PLAYERS OF DIFFERENT GAMES
items: Effect of Physical Exercises on Physical Fitness of Boxers of Haryana State
items: Libraries as Public Utilities: Rethinking Digital Access as a Civil Right
items: The Impact of Regular Exercise on Anxiety and Depression Levels among College Students
items: Between Silence and Scream: The Feminine Psyche in Kamala Das’s Autobiographical Writings
items: The Confessional Voice: Kamala Das and the Poetics of Unfulfilled Desire
items: The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Movement on Student Focus and Emotional Regulation
items: NUTRITION AND FOOD OF INDIAN MYNA (Acridotheres tristis)
items: बौद्ध धर्म में संगीत का स्थान
items: AI-based Anomaly Detection in Smart City IoT Networks
items: Tourist Perception as a Key Indicator for Destination Competitiveness for Tourists Visiting Ujjain Pilgrim Circuit
items: हिन्दी के प्रवासी साहित्य में प्रतिबिंबित वैश्विक संस्कृति के विविध आयाम
items: “सकुबाई” के द्वारा नादिराजी ने तत्कालीन समाज में व्याप्त विसंगतियों का लेखा-जोखा वर्णन

Facile Synthesis, and Antimicrobial activity of Imidazole derivatives by Zirconia NPs catalyst
type: item
description: Imidazole derivatives are considered potential chemical compounds that could be therapeutically effective against several harmful pathogenic microbes. In the present study substituted imidazoles via nano zirconia catalyzed multicomponent reaction of isatin derivatives with ammonium acetate and substituted indole-3- aldehydes has been developed. The synthesized imidazole derivatives were characterised using spectral and analytical data viz; nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) , IR and 13 CNMR. The results of antibacterial and antifungal and antioxidant activities showed that some of the synthesized compounds exhibited promising activities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Pushpa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2026-01-10
publication date: 2026-01-10
starting page: 54
ending page: 64

Perceptions of Islamic Finance among Muslim Women: Evidence from Sangli District, Western Maharashtra
type: item
description: This study examines how Muslim women in Western Maharashtra perceive Islamic finance, drawing on a survey of 400 Muslim women in Sangli District and insights from 25 scholarly sources. The research explores socio-cultural factors, religious beliefs, and socio-economic conditions that shape women’s financial literacy, decision-making, and attitudes towards Islamic financial practices. A stratified sampling approach captures diverse subgroups (urban/rural, working/non-working, various ages and education levels). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, ANOVA, correlation, and regression, while qualitative inputs were thematically analyzed. Findings indicate that respondents generally have moderate financial literacy and awareness of basic Islamic finance principles (e.g. zakat and avoidance of riba), but detailed knowledge (e.g. specific Islamic banking products) is limited. Socio-cultural norms and gender roles significantly influence financial participation: urban and working women show higher involvement in household financial planning than rural or non-working women. Statistical analyses confirm that education level, employment status, and exposure to Islamic financial knowledge positively correlate with both financial literacy and openness to Islamic finance. Conversely, traditional patriarchal norms and limited mobility constrain women’s financial agency. The study’s conceptual framework illustrates these dynamics and their impact on household economic well-being. The discussion situates these findings in the context of prior literature, highlighting consistent trends and unique regional nuances. This research contributes to understanding barriers and enablers for Muslim women’s financial empowerment, offering recommendations to enhance Islamic financial literacy and inclusion. Limitations (such as geographic scope and self-reported data) are noted, and directions for future research are proposed to generalize and deepen in…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Apsara Najir Mujawar , Dr. Vishwas S. Pendse
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2026-01-08
publication date: 2026-01-08
starting page: 106
ending page: 133

REGULATORY CHALLENGES AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS IN FINTECH
type: item
description: Fintech has had an impact on business by enabling the development of improved services for both customers and corporations. However, fintech poses new issues for regu1ators, who are struggling to keep up with continuous growth of techno1ogy & ensuing disruption. Advancement of techno1ogy & laws in Fintech business has been uneven between industrialized and developing nations, creating several possibilities and difficulties. This study discusses regulatory issues and policy structures. This research contributed to literature by highlighting role of Fintech applications in increasing financial companies' competitive advantages, improving company efficiency through cost reduction & productivity enhancement, & thus increasing profitability, as well as improving quality of financial services & products offered to consumers.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Anjali Singh, Ruchi verma, Avantika Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 142
ending page: 150

CHALLENGES FACED BY GIG WORKERS AND FREELANCERS DURING COVID-19
type: item
description: The unpredictable and unexpected breakout of COVID-19pandemic has an impact on economic health of numerous enterprises throughout the world. The purpose of this article is to objectively assess level of destruction faced by Indian gig workers and freelancers as a result of the epidemic restrictions. This research critically examines the unpredictability and unlawful behaviors of freelancers, as well as how gig workers in India are exploited on occasion as a result of their unemployed status. The report concisely outlined issues faced by Indian gig workers and freelancers at the start of the shutdown. The Economic Survey, 2020-21emphasizes rising importance of the gig economy in India amidst pandemic-induced lockdown, which has resulted in massive development in online retail market. Employers initiated layoffs & instead hired freelancers or flexi-staff to save overhead expenses. Many studies have been made to examine impact of current pandemic on economy & stock markets, but relatively few have focused on epidemic's impact on gig workers. The current study attempts to fill this gap by evaluating impact of COVID-19on gig workers and freelancers by determining whether an increase in new COVID-19 cases leads to an increase in number of gig workers in Indian economy, or whether it has a significant impact on gig workers & freelancers.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Sujeet, Riya Kapoor, Saminder Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 151
ending page: 161

India’s Centenary Year of Independence 2047: The Dream of a Viksit Bharat
type: item
description: Viksit Bharat 2047 is a long-term national development vision of the Government of India, aimed at transforming the country into a self-reliant, prosperous, technologically advanced, and socially equitable developed nation by the year 2047, marking 100 years of independence. This vision is based on key pillars such as economic growth, technological innovation, social empowerment, agricultural advancement, quality education, universal access to healthcare services, and environmental sustainability. The Union Budget 2025–26 introduces multi-dimensional policy initiatives to achieve this goal—such as income tax reforms, measures to enhance agricultural productivity, support for MSMEs and start-ups, and significant investments in infrastructure. Placing youth, the poor, women, and farmers at the core of the policy framework, the vision of Viksit Bharat represents a decisive step toward holistic and inclusive development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Dinesh Kumar Gupta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-12-11
publication date: 2025-12-11
starting page: 44
ending page: 53

The Neuroscience Behind Musical Creativity and Improvisation
type: item
description: This study explores the neuroscientific foundations of musical creativity and improvisation, focusing on how cognition, emotion, and neural coordination converge to produce spontaneous artistic expression. Using insights from neuroimaging research, the study highlights the activation of key brain regions such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), auditory cortex, cerebellum, and limbic system during improvisational performance. The findings reveal that musical creativity involves a delicate balance between control and freedom—marked by decreased DLPFC activity (reduced self-monitoring) and increased mPFC activation (enhanced expressive flow). Emotional engagement, working memory, and empathy are shown to be integral to creative fluency, reflecting the interdependence of affective and cognitive processes. Moreover, long-term musical training enhances neural plasticity, motor coordination, and relaxed attentional states, enabling musicians to enter “flow” with greater ease. Comparisons between musicians and non-musicians underscore the transformative impact of training on brain efficiency and expressive capacity. Overall, the research emphasizes that musical improvisation is a dynamic interplay of thought, feeling, and neural adaptation—a holistic process rooted in the brain’s innate drive for creativity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Neetu Verma and Suresh Kumar Duggal
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-11-11
publication date: 2025-11-11
starting page: 66
ending page: 81

Digital Activism And Its Influence On Social Movements
type: item
description: Digital activism has emerged as a transformative force reshaping how individuals and communities engage in social movements, advocacy, and political participation. By utilizing digital platforms such as social media, blogs, and online campaigns, activists can mobilize support, share information, and coordinate collective action across geographical and cultural boundaries. Movements like #MeToo, #BlackLivesMatter, and the Arab Spring demonstrate the power of digital communication in amplifying marginalized voices and pressuring institutions for reform. This study explores the influence of digital activism on the structure, strategy, and effectiveness of contemporary social movements, examining both its empowering and limiting dimensions. While digital tools enhance inclusivity, speed, and global reach, they also raise concerns regarding misinformation, surveillance, and superficial participation. Digital activism represents a double-edged phenomenon—simultaneously democratizing advocacy and challenging traditional frameworks of social mobilization in the digital age.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Suresh Kumar Duggal and Dr. Neetu Verma
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 Journals The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-11-02
publication date: 2025-11-02
starting page: 82
ending page: 98

रागांग राग वर्गीकरण
type: item
description: विद्वानों के अनुसार, पंडित विष्णु नारायण भातखंडे के शिष्य स्वर्गीय नारायण मोरेश्वर खरे ने सभी रागों को 30 रागांगों में विभाजित किया था। सभी रागों का सूक्ष्म अध्ययन करने के बाद, उन्होंने 30 स्वर समूहों का चयन किया: जैसे ग मा रे सा या मा गा रे सा आदि। इन मुख्य स्वर समूहों का नाम उस राग के नाम पर रखा गया जिसमें वे सबसे प्रमुख थे, उन्हें उसी राग के नाम से पुकारा जाता था। इस प्रणाली में, सभी रागों में तीस मुख्य राग प्रमुख माने जाते हैं।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Anamika Rani
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-10-23
publication date: 2025-10-23
starting page: 134
ending page: 141

Evaluating the Adequacy of Ecotourism Services in the Himalayan Regions of Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand
type: item
description: This study investigates the adequacy of ecotourism-related services and facilities in the Kedarnath, Madhyamaheshwar, and Tungnath regions of Rudraprayag district, Uttarakhand-areas known for their ecological significance and religious tourism. With growing tourist inflow in these Himalayan destinations, assessing infrastructure and service quality is critical to ensuring sustainable tourism development. Data were collected from 270 tourists through structured, closed-ended questionnaires using a 5-point Likert scale, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Thirteen key variables related to physical, financial, communication, health, and tourism infrastructure were evaluated. The results show that all services were rated above the neutral threshold of satisfaction, indicating an overall perception of adequacy. High satisfaction was reported for information centers, sanitation, and transportation, while medical services and tour operator facilities scored relatively lower, suggesting specific areas for improvement. The findings support the hypothesis that current ecotourism services and facilities in the study area are adequate. The study highlights the need for targeted enhancements to improve tourist experiences and promote long-term, sustainable ecotourism development in rural Himalayan regions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Arun Singh , Nandan Singh Bisht , Amit Melkani
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-09-29
publication date: 2025-09-29
starting page: 94
ending page: 105

A Brief Overview of Multi State Cooperative Society Act, 2002: Issues and Challenges
type: item
description: The cooperative movement in India has evolved significantly from its inception during the British colonial period to its current state as a critical component of the nation’s economic and social fabric. The primary aim of this research paper is to analyse the issues and challenges faced by the Multistate cooperative societies Act, 2002 and also focusing on their legislative and policy developments, successes, challenges, and the role they play in India’s socio-economic growth. The study traces the historical development of cooperatives, highlights key legislative acts, and assesses the challenges they continue to face in the modern era.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Kailash Kumar and Suman Lata
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-09-11
publication date: 2025-09-11
starting page: 69
ending page: 75

An analytical study on Krishnanagar, West Bengal, India from the view point of sustainable environment management
type: item
description: Rapid urbanization is the alarming trend for developing world. In country like India where urbanization may be defined as the gathering of people in a specific centre without even fulfilment of characteristics of economic engagement of people in secondary and tertiary sectors, urban centres play the mere role of service providing centres. Such kind of urban centres are specifically common for regions depending upon agro based economy. In present study such an agro based urban centre is been focussed. Krishnanagar, the district head quarter of Nadia District, within the state of West Bengal, India is chosen as the study area with an area of about 15.96sq km. This urban centre became significant in Bengal’s History since the beginning of 18th century with its socio-economic and cultural influence. Presently the centre observes a population density of almost 10,000/sq km causing impact on natural environment by compressing the areas under wetlands, pile of garbage, rising level of air pollution. Social environment of the centre is experiencing events like road-congestion, loss of cultural heritage. Urban growth in a sustainable manner integrates all the parameters of environment in a common thread. Present research work runs with the aim to prepare a sustained framework to maintain the holistic environment of this old urban centre based upon modern day GIS techniques along with thorough study of the changing phases of this heritage site.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr.Subarna Bandyopadhyay
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-08-21
publication date: 2025-08-21
starting page: 68
ending page: 80

A Critical Study of Sudha Murthy’s ‘Gently falls the Bakula’ in terms of women empowerment
type: item
description: Many Indian novelists attempted to reveal the genuine state of women and Indian society. We have seen that every facet of human existence was portrayed in Indian books. We are aware of how some of these books depicted Indian women's battle to establish their own identities, statuses, and positions inside their homes and in society at large. This research paper aims to examine Sudha Murthy's work ‘Gently Falls the Bakula’. She aims to inspire women to be strong and brave under trying circumstances. Reading her books is fascinating because she has braided together her personal experiences from her time working at Infosys, traveling, and interacting with people. the true state of women, including their hardships and struggles. Sudha Murthy's realistic fiction book ‘Gently Falls the Bakula ‘explores women's empowerment and deftly intertwines identity with self-discovery. The story closely tracks the journey of a female heroine who bravely asserts her rights and uniqueness while navigating the complexities of marriage and social expectations, asserting her rights and individuality. Murthy's moving portrayal highlights how social standards frequently restrict and impede a woman's personal development by illuminating the nuances of her battle to forge her identity beyond the traditional roles of wife, mother, and daughter. Murthy fervently supports women's empowerment and social equality, inspiring readers to consider the difficulties faced by women in their unrelenting quest for both personal fulfilment and equality.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ms. Shalini Chaudhary, Prof. (Dr.) Gunjan Agarwal
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-08-20
publication date: 2025-08-20
starting page: 63
ending page: 67

A Critical Study of Sudha Murthy’s ‘Gently falls the Bakula’ in terms of women empowerment
type: item
description: Many Indian novelists attempted to reveal the genuine state of women and Indian society. We have seen that every facet of human existence was portrayed in Indian books. We are aware of how some of these books depicted Indian women's battle to establish their own identities, statuses, and positions inside their homes and in society at large. This research paper aims to examine Sudha Murthy's work ‘Gently Falls the Bakula’. She aims to inspire women to be strong and brave under trying circumstances. Reading her books is fascinating because she has braided together her personal experiences from her time working at Infosys, traveling, and interacting with people. the true state
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ms. Shalini Chaudhary, Prof. (Dr.) Gunjan Agarwal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-12-11
publication date: 2025-12-11
starting page: 39
ending page: 43

Microplastic Pollution in Urban Waterways: Sources and Solutions
type: item
description: Microplastics have emerged as a pervasive pollutant in urban aquatic ecosystems. This research investigates the primary sources of microplastic contamination in metropolitan rivers, focusing on runoff, wastewater treatment plants, and consumer products. Sampling from five major cities reveals alarming concentrations of microplastics, with implications for biodiversity and human health. The paper proposes policy interventions and technological innovations, including filtration systems and biodegradable alternatives, to mitigate the crisis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Manish Komal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-12-11
publication date: 2025-12-11
starting page: 15
ending page: 38

The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health
type: item
description: This study explores the correlation between social media usage and mental health outcomes among adolescents aged 13–18. Drawing on survey data and psychological assessments, the research identifies patterns of anxiety, depression, and self-esteem linked to time spent on platforms like Instagram and TikTok. The paper also examines the role of algorithmic content delivery and peer comparison in shaping emotional well-being. Findings suggest a nuanced relationship, where both positive and negative effects are mediated by usage patterns and individual susceptibility.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Vikash Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journals The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-12-11
publication date: 2025-12-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 14

Recent Trends in English literature in India
type: item
description: In this topic we are presenting Recent Trends of Study English in India, The study also evaluates the role of English studies with respect to the lack of teachers in English studies. As earlier all the renowned Indian Examination Bodies like—the Civil Service Examinations (CSE), Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC) and University Grants Commission’s National Eligibility Test (UGC -NET) prepare the paper in native or Hindi language but gradually India Education System changed and the above mention exams are now held in both Hindi as well as in English Languages. Most of the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Indian School Certificate Examination (ICSE) running school implementing Oxford and Cambridge Curriculum for even junior class to establish English culture. This becomes one of the most recent trends of study English in India. English studies in India, now becoming 2 centuries older. Many authors publish excerpts of their books online for encouraging sales. Today, the habit of reading is decreasing. So the writers have got to keep up more to the tastes of audience and their fast paced lives. The audience needs maximum entertainment in minimum time and effort. However, the Indian English popular fiction portrays the tastes of Indian writers and hence can be analyzed as a cultural study material.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr Gitam Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 57
ending page: 62

National Skill Development Initiatives & Economic Development in India
type: item
description: The main aim of skill India concept introduced is to create opportunities, space and scope for self development of the talents of Indian Youth. This programme is initiated in to provide training and skill development covering youth of each and village. This paper is based on the secondary data which was collected from different researches and an attempt has been made to identify how far the skill development programmes have achieved success and what are the major problems faced by the youth in initiating the skill development programmes launched by government. The study also discusses about the skills imparted through educational programme and requirement of additional sector specific courses. Hence the paper will highlight the needs, challenges and scope of the skill development programmes.India is a country with major represent youths. As far the economic development of our country is concerned, India is still lagging behind due to various problems like poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, medical infrastructure etc. Youth plays a crucial role in achieving economic prosperity of the country. In the present scenario, it is found that most of the youth being educated are facing severe unemployment problem due to lack of skills and technical knowledge. Most of them are unaware of the developments taking place in the modern world.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr Umesh Singh Jadon
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-16
publication date: 2025-07-16
starting page: 101
ending page: 111

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES AMONG ATHLETES AND PLAYERS OF DIFFERENT GAMES
type: item
description: Sports Psychology is the study of persons behavior in sport. It deals with increasing performance by managing emotions and minimizing the psychological effects of injury and poor performance. Some of the most important skills taught are goal setting, relaxation, visualization, self talk, awareness and control, concentration, confidence, using rituals, attribution training and periodization. Personality can be defined as a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences his or her cognitions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations.The Study is to find out the personality of Athletes and players of different games.The sample size for the study is 120 ( subjects) in which 60 Athletes and 60 players of different games (eg. Foot Ball , Basket Ball, Hand Ball) those who have participated in the Inter College competitions in Kanpur University,Kanpur in 2013-14.. T test was used to find out the comparision. Result shows that Athletes are having good personality triats compare to players of different games. It is recommended to coaches to give psychological training to sports persons to enhance the performance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr.Alok Kumar Pandey
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-16
publication date: 2025-07-16
starting page: 98
ending page: 100

Effect of Physical Exercises on Physical Fitness of Boxers of Haryana State
type: item
description: As the researcher wants to study the Effect of Physical Exercises on Physical Fitness of Boxers of Rohtak of Haryana State, thus study was conducted by Experimental Method. After due consideration of all the points, purposive sample technique was employed. Only male Boxers of Rohtak Haryana State ranged between the age group of 18 to 21 Years were selected purposively for the study. A total number of 20 samples were selected. The selected physical fitness components were abdominal strength endurance, upper body strength and leg explosive strength. From the result of the study, it was found that Physical Exercises training for the period of six week was effective to increase the abdominal strength endurance, upper body strength and explosive leg strength significantly. Hence it can be conclude that Physical Exercises training strengthens the core muscles which are very important to create and transfer of forces to the extremities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Mr. Sandeep
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-09
publication date: 2025-07-09
starting page: 53
ending page: 56

Libraries as Public Utilities: Rethinking Digital Access as a Civil Right
type: item
description: As digital access becomes essential for education, employment, healthcare, and civic engagement, the persistent digital divide highlights systemic inequities in modern society. This paper explores the critical role of public libraries in addressing digital exclusion, proposing that libraries be redefined and supported as public utilities. Drawing on a review of scholarly literature, policy documents, and quantitative data, the study demonstrates how libraries already function as digital infrastructure—offering internet access, digital literacy training, device lending, and public trust in underserved communities. By framing digital access as a civil right and positioning libraries as civic utilities, the research calls for systemic policy integration, sustainable funding, and institutional recognition of libraries as frontline actors in the pursuit of digital equity. The findings highlight both the capabilities and limitations of libraries within the current public policy landscape, ultimately advocating for a rights-based, infrastructure-driven approach to digital inclusion.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Manvi and Dr. Dharam Vir Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-03
publication date: 2025-07-03
starting page: 56
ending page: 68

The Impact of Regular Exercise on Anxiety and Depression Levels among College Students
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of regular exercise on anxiety and depression levels among college students. With increasing mental health challenges faced by students, including high levels of anxiety and depression, this research explores exercise as a potential intervention to improve psychological well-being. The study aims to investigate whether consistent physical activity can reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in this population, providing an alternative to traditional mental health interventions. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the research surveys college students who engage in various forms of exercise and assesses their mental health status through standardized questionnaires. The results are expected to reveal a significant correlation between regular exercise and lower levels of anxiety and depression, highlighting the potential of physical activity as a non-pharmaceutical, accessible solution to mental health issues in college settings. The findings aim to inform campus wellness programs and contribute to the broader understanding of exercise as a tool for mental health management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr Ajay Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-01
publication date: 2025-07-01
starting page: 39
ending page: 55

Between Silence and Scream: The Feminine Psyche in Kamala Das’s Autobiographical Writings
type: item
description: Focusing on My Story, this paper investigates how Kamala Das navigates the tension between societal silence and personal truth. It argues that her candid revelations about love, betrayal, and bodily autonomy are not mere provocations but deliberate assertions of agency. The study situates her work within the broader framework of feminist literature and postcolonial identity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Fatima Kimaiia
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-01
publication date: 2025-07-01
starting page: 19
ending page: 38

The Confessional Voice: Kamala Das and the Poetics of Unfulfilled Desire
type: item
description: This paper explores Kamala Das’s poetry as a confessional space where unfulfilled passion becomes a recurring motif. Through close readings of poems like An Introduction and The Old Playhouse, the study examines how Das uses personal experiences to challenge societal expectations of womanhood, marriage, and sexuality. Her bold articulation of emotional and physical longing is positioned as a radical act of truth-telling in a conservative literary landscape.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Vikash Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-07-01
publication date: 2025-07-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 18

The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Movement on Student Focus and Emotional Regulation
type: item
description: This research paper explores the effects of mindfulness-based movement programs on the focus and emotional regulation of students in educational settings. The increasing prevalence of mental health issues among adolescents necessitates effective interventions that promote both cognitive and emotional well-being. This study synthesizes recent literature and presents findings from a pilot program involving mindfulness-based movement activities (MBMA) in a diverse student population. Results indicate significant improvements in students' focus and emotional regulation after participating in MBMA sessions, highlighting the potential benefits of incorporating such programs into school curricula. This study explores the effects of mindfulness-based movement (MBM) practices—such as yoga, tai chi, and mindful walking—on student focus and emotional regulation. With rising academic pressures and mental health concerns among students, MBM offers a holistic approach that integrates physical activity with mindful awareness. The research draws on both qualitative and quantitative data from school-based interventions, highlighting improvements in attention span, reduced anxiety, and enhanced emotional self-regulation. Findings suggest that regular MBM participation fosters a calmer classroom environment and supports cognitive and emotional development, particularly in adolescents.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Sanjay Choudhary
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Journals The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-06-14
publication date: 2025-06-14
starting page: 43
ending page: 52

NUTRITION AND FOOD OF INDIAN MYNA (Acridotheres tristis)
type: item
description: Common myna are ground feeder, omnivorous, feeds on insects, arachnids, crustaceans, small reptiles and it forages on the ground among grass insects especially the grasshoppers (Genus Acridotheres) so known as grasshopper hunter. A balanced diet helps in physical development, strength to fight diseases and the power to complete the tasks of daily life. It is essential for all living beings to have nutrients in their food so that they get sufficient amount of nutrients, the main source of which is a balanced diet. It is very important for all birds to get a balanced diet containing nutrients required for their life cycle, otherwise they may become unwell and their lives may be in danger. The bird's food should mainly contain adequate amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. The Indian myna forages during the day time in agricultural fields to ensure nutrients are present in its food source. This bird feeds mainly on insects, small invertebrates, seeds and grains to obtain nutriants. Indian myna is a primarily omnivorous and show foraging (to search for food) on the ground, grasshopper, small insects, butterflies, larvae, feeds on fruits, grains, domestic edable waste, some orchard fruits, papaya, vegetables, seedlings of wheat and standing cereal crops etc.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Prof. (Dr.) Jitendra Rajak Dr. Arvind Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 Journals The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-05-29
publication date: 2025-05-29
starting page: 49
ending page: 52

बौद्ध धर्म में संगीत का स्थान
type: item
description: भारत की सांस्कृतिक गतिविधि के परिज्ञान के लिए बौद्ध साहित्य का परिशीलन नितान्त आवश्यक है। बौद्ध वांग्मय में ईसवी पूर्व से लेकर ईसवी के अनन्तर का सांस्कृतिक मानचित्र अविच्छिन रूप में उपलब्ध होता है महत्त्व की बात यह है कि इस साहित्य में उपलब्ध संगीत विषयक सामग्री का व्यक्तिकरण भारत की प्राचीन शिल्प एवं चित्र कला में उपलब्ध है, जो तत्कालीन वाद्य एवं नृत्य के स्वरूपों का उद्घाटन के लिए नितान्त आवश्यक है। बौद्धकालीन संस्कृति में संगीत के कई पड़ाव मिलते हैं। भारतीय कलाओं में कई नवाचार बुद्ध के बाद देखने में आते हैं। मांगलिक प्रतीकों की संख्या में विस्तार के साथ ही सांगीतिक वाद्यों को प्रतिमाओं और फलकों में उकेरा जाने लगा। स्तूपों आदि के स्तम्भों पर ये प्रतीक कम नहीं मिलते मगर बुद्ध के जीवन पर लिखी गई कथाओं में भी संगीत के सोपान दिखाई देते हैं। बौद्ध काल में जनमानस के जन-जीवन में संगीत कला का समावेश था और बौद्धकालीन संपन्न परिवारों में संगीत का सम्यक् अध्ययन भी किया जाता था। बोधिसत्व संगीत तथा नाट्य कला के अच्छे ज्ञाता थे तथा उनके परिवार की सभी महिलाएँ भी संगीत में निपुण थी। ललितविस्तार ग्रंथ में यह भी वर्णित है कि महात्मा बुद्ध की माता माया देवी स्वयं कला निपुण थी।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: यश त्यागी
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-05-16
publication date: 2025-05-16
starting page: 87
ending page: 97

AI-based Anomaly Detection in Smart City IoT Networks
type: item
description: Smart cities rely on vast, heterogeneous IoT deployments—ranging from traffic sensors to environmental monitors—to deliver real-time services. However, the diversity and scale of these networks introduce novel security challenges, including spoofing, distributed denial-of-service, and stealthy data drifts. This paper systematically reviews state-of-the-art machine-learning and deep-learning techniques for anomaly detection in smart-city IoT, categorizing approaches into supervised, unsupervised, and hybrid models. We examine classical algorithms (one-class SVM, k-NN), neural architectures (autoencoders, variational autoencoders), and emerging edge-AI implementations that perform inference on resource-constrained devices. Through analysis of representative case studies, we compare system architectures, datasets, and evaluation metrics such as detection accuracy, false-alarm rate, and computational overhead. We identify critical challenges—data scarcity, model drift, privacy concerns, and deployment constraints—and discuss promising directions, including federated learning, explainable models, and ultra-lightweight neural networks. Our review aims to guide researchers and practitioners in selecting and designing adaptive anomaly detectors that balance detection performance with feasibility in real-world smart-city environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ravi Soni and Dr. Manav Thakur
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-05-15
publication date: 2025-05-15
starting page: 67
ending page: 76

Tourist Perception as a Key Indicator for Destination Competitiveness for Tourists Visiting Ujjain Pilgrim Circuit
type: item
description: Tourism, as an economic activity, is a business for both the individual entrepreneur and the community. It is built on a system of interconnected demand and supply forces. International, national, and local marketplaces are on the demand side. The "tourist product" consists of attractions, accessibility, facilities, and infrastructure on the supply side. The integrated tourist destination product creates the tourist experience, and its improvement contributes to destination competitiveness. Therefore, the tourist experience can be considered fundamental for destination competitiveness. This paper aims to examine the relationship between Tourist perception and destination competitiveness. The proposed approach is tested on the Pilgrim circuit of Madhya Pradesh which includes Indore - Ujjain – Maheshwar – Omkareshwar - Mandu with a key focus on Ujjain tourism development. During Simhastha 2016, the government spent lakhs to build Ujjain as a holy centre and attract devotees. Following Simhastha, the government claims that thousands of tourists from throughout the country would visit the city daily, strengthening various businesses involved in tourism and hospitality. According to the authorities, over 125 homes have been converted into hotels and guest houses to accommodate worshippers. A year later, tourism in Ujjain is still as slow as it was before Simhastha. Nearly 60 of the 125 hotels have closed, and the surviving ones are struggling to fulfill their basic expenditures. The majority of them are having difficulty repaying their loans. To measure the visitors’ perceptions of the destination product, the survey method will be used. The obtained results confirmed a significant difference in the assessment of the tourist perception & destination offerings, which confirmed the starting hypothesis that the perception of the destination product can be used as an indicator of tourist destination competitiveness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Sarthak Chourasia Dr. Avinash Vikram Dr. Lokeshver Singh Jodhana
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-05-13
publication date: 2025-05-13
starting page: 48
ending page: 66

हिन्दी के प्रवासी साहित्य में प्रतिबिंबित वैश्विक संस्कृति के विविध आयाम
type: item
description: स्वयं अंजना संधीर ने इस मंत्र को अपने जीवन में अपनाया तथा सात-आठ वर्ष अमेरिका में रहकर स्वदेश वापिस चली आई । अतः कह सकते हैं कि प्रवासी काव्य में केवल डायस्पोरा का भाव ही नहीं अपितु प्रवासी हिन्दी काव्य में अपने परिवेश और तत्कालीन देश की बहुकोणीय छवि भी विद्यमान है । यह हिन्दी साहित्य के लिए नई और महत्त्वपूर्ण बात है ।
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: डाॅ॰ हरि ओम फुलिया
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-05-12
publication date: 2025-05-12
starting page: 39
ending page: 47

“सकुबाई” के द्वारा नादिराजी ने तत्कालीन समाज में व्याप्त विसंगतियों का लेखा-जोखा वर्णन
type: item
description: “सकुबाई” के द्वारा नादिराजी ने तत्कालीन समाज में व्याप्त विसंगतियों का लेखा-जोखा वर्णन के साथ-साथ अपने को सभ्य एवं पोश माननेवाले संपन्न वर्ग के पाखंड एवं ढोंग का यथार्थ चित्रण भी किया है।अभावग्रस्त ज़िन्दगी जीते समय भी गरीबी वर्ग कभी भी सत्य या ईमानदारी को नहीं छोडते हैं। यहाँ नादिराजी ने शिक्षित एवं अपने को सभ्य माननेवाले उच्चवर्ग के लोगों के बीच में होनेवाले झूठ-फरेब तथा उससे उत्पीडित मज़दूर वर्ग की मानसिकता पर भी प्रकाश डाला हैं। हर पेट फूला आदमी धन की अतिरिक्त चाह पूर्ति केलिए मक्कारी या झूठ-फरेब के अनेकानेक रास्ता अपनाता है। यही नहीं गरीब की ईमान और इज्जत को पल-पल में कलंकित कर देने में ये वर्ग नहीं हिचकते हैं। ऐसी एक गलत धारणा है कि समाज में चोरी, कलंक या धोखेबाजी केवल गरीब वर्ग ही करते हैं
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Shivani Verma
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 The Ring: An Interdisciplinary International Journal https://mbsresearch.com/
date: 2025-05-12
publication date: 2025-05-12
starting page: 18
ending page: 38